Which service is primarily used for conducting security assessments within AWS?

The most suitable service for conducting security assessments within AWS is AWS Inspector. This service is designed to automatically assess applications for vulnerabilities or deviations from best practices. It offers a thorough analysis of the security posture of your applications by evaluating the underlying AWS infrastructure. AWS Inspector scans for vulnerabilities in environment configurations, network accessibility, and common security issues, providing a detailed report that helps identify and remediate potential security risks.

In contrast, while AWS GuardDuty is a threat detection service aimed at continuous monitoring for malicious activity and unauthorized behavior, it does not focus specifically on conducting security assessments in the same manner as AWS Inspector. AWS Security Hub aggregates and prioritizes security alerts from various AWS services, providing a centralized view but does not conduct assessments itself. AWS Config, on the other hand, monitors resource configurations and compliance over time, facilitating resource management rather than direct security assessments. Thus, AWS Inspector is the most relevant choice for performing comprehensive security evaluations.